Why do parent and daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes?
Mitosis creates two identical daughter cells that each contain the same number of chromosomes as their parent cell. Specifically, meiosis creates new combinations of genetic material in each of the four daughter cells. These new combinations result from the exchange of DNA between paired chromosomes.
Why are there the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell in each of the 2 daughter cells after mitosis?
The parent cell undergoes one round of DNA replication followed by two separate cycles of nuclear division. The process results in four daughter cells that are haploid, which means they contain half the number of chromosomes of the diploid parent cell.
Do daughter cell have the same amount of chromosomes?
At the end of the division process, duplicated chromosomes are divided equally between two cells. These daughter cells are genetically identical diploid cells that have the same chromosome number and chromosome type.
How does the chromosome number of the daughter cell compare with the chromosome number of the parent cell?
In mitosis, the daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, while in meiosis, the daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes as the parent.
What will happen if the daughter cells do not receive the necessary chromosomes from the parent cell?
These unequal separations can produce daughter cells with unexpected chromosome numbers, called aneuploids. When a haploid gamete does not receive a chromosome during meiosis as a result of nondisjunction, it combines with another gamete to form a monosomic zygote.
Why are there variations in organisms produced by the same parents?
Most organisms that reproduce sexually have two copies of each gene, because each parent cell or organism donates a single copy of its genes to its offspring. Additionally, genes can exist in slightly different forms, called alleles, which further adds to genetic variation.
What is the relationship between parent and daughter cells?
Mitosis is the process a single cell uses to divide into two new identical cells. The original cell is called a parent cell, and the newly formed cells are referred to as daughter cells. A vital focus of mitosis is the division of our chromosomes, which are tightly coiled segments of DNA.
How do they compare to each other and the parent cell?
Preparing for mitosis, a cell produces a copy of its DNA. Throughout various phases of mitosis, these chromatid pairs are separated to opposite sides of the cell and this parent cell divides into two separate, but identical, daughter cells. Each daughter cell contains one half of the chromatid pair, or DNA.
What happened to the maternal and paternal chromosomes from the original parent cell?
The paternal and maternal chromosomes are randomly sorted, such that the mix of chromosomes will be different from cell to cell. Cells then enter another round of cell division, without DNA duplication – meiotic division 2, to form a gamete. Sister chromatids are separated.
What do you think is the importance of both mitosis and meiosis to an organism?
Mitosis and meiosis both involve cells dividing to make new cells. This makes them both vital processes for the existence of living things that reproduce sexually. Meiosis makes the cells needed for sexual reproduction to occur, and mitosis replicates non-sex cells needed for growth and development.
Why is variation so important?
It helps in better survival of an organism. Accumulation of a particular variation over time leads to speciation. Variation results in genetic drift where same species are distanced. The useful variations are passed on to the next generation which is necessary for adaptation of an organism.
Which three processes lead to variation among offspring that have the same two parents?
The three main sources of genetic variation arising from sexual reproduction are:
- Crossing over (in prophase I)
- Random assortment of chromosomes (in metaphase I)
- Random fusion of gametes from different parents.