What is the drug dantrolene used for?
Dantrolene is used to help relax certain muscles in your body. It relieves the spasms, cramping, and tightness of muscles caused by certain medical problems such as multiple sclerosis (MS), cerebral palsy, stroke, or injury to the spine.
What is the antidote for malignant hyperthermia?
Dantrolene is the only currently accepted specific treatment for MH. In an episode of MH, muscle metabolism is dramatically increased secondary to an increase in calcium within the muscle.
When do you give dantrolene?
Dantrium Intravenous should be administered by continuous rapid intravenous push as soon as the malignant hyperthermia reaction is recognized (i.e., tachycardia, tachypnea, central venous desaturation, hypercarbia, metabolic acidosis, skeletal muscle rigidity, increased utilization of anesthesia circuit carbon dioxide …
What does dantrolene do for malignant hyperthermia?
Dantrolene sodium uncouples the heat-generating mechanism in muscle and is the drug of choice in treating malignant hyperthermia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome, which cause excessive muscular heat production. The potential benefit of this drug in treating heat stroke has been debated.
What is dantrolene toxicity?
Dantrolene can cause life-threatening liver damage, especially if you take high doses or take the medicine long-term. Use the medicine exactly as directed. If you take dantrolene within 3 or 4 hours before surgery, use only enough water needed to swallow the capsule.
Does dantrolene lower blood pressure?
Conclusions— In this pilot study, a single dose of intravenous dantrolene in cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage appears feasible while inhibiting vasoconstriction in the low-dose group, but it may lower blood pressure.
Is dantrolene a reversal agent?
No reversal drug or antidote exists for IV or oral dantrolene. For hepatotoxicity induced by oral dantrolene, discontinue the medication, and initiate symptomatic therapy.
What is the difference between dantrolene and baclofen?
Dantrium (dantrolene) is not a first-choice treatment for general muscle spasms because it can damage your liver. Relaxes your muscles. Lioresal (baclofen) is a first choice treatment for muscle spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injuries, but it’s not recommended for other types of muscle spasms.
What is the dosing for dantrolene?
To relieve muscle spasms: Adults—At first, 25 milligrams (mg) once a day. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. However, the dose is usually not more than 100 mg four times a day.
Is dantrolene a calcium channel blocker?
Due to its ability to reduce intracellular calcium levels, dantrolene is a specific and effective agent in the treatment of malignant hyperthermia. Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, has the ability to decrease calcium influx and can interact with dantrolene to produce hyperkalemia and myocardial depression.
Why does dantrolene contain mannitol?
Today, dantrolene is available for intravenous use in vials containing 20 mg lyophilized dantrolene sodium added to 3 g mannitol to improve water solubility.
What is dantrolene mechanism of action?
Dantrolene depresses excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle by binding to the ryanodine receptor 1, and decreasing intracellular calcium concentration. Ryanodine receptors mediate the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, an essential step in muscle contraction.
What is dantrolene used to treat?
Dantrolene is a muscle relaxer. Dantrolene is used to treat muscle spasticity (stiffness and spasms) caused by conditions such as a spinal cord injury, stroke, cerebral palsy, or multiple sclerosis.
How does dantrolene treat myasthenia gravis (MH)?
Dantrolene is the only currently accepted specific treatment for MH. In an episode of MH, muscle metabolism is dramatically increased secondary to an increase in calcium within the muscle. This causes muscles to contract, ATP hydrolysis, and heat production. Dantrolene directly interferes with muscle contraction; decreasing calcium in muscle cells.
What should I avoid while taking dantrolene?
Do not take dantrolene at a time when you need muscle tone for safe balance and movement during certain activities. Dantrolene can cause life-threatening liver damage, especially if you take high doses. Do not take dantrolene in larger amounts or for longer than recommended.
How does dantrolene differ from other muscle relaxants?
Dantrolene differs from the centrally acting muscle relaxants in that its site of action is beyond the muscle cell membrane. It interferes with the excitation–contraction coupling mechanism of striated muscle, presumably by inhibition of calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.