How does steam turn a turbine?
In simple terms, a steam turbine works by using a heat source (gas, coal, nuclear, solar) to heat water to extremely high temperatures until it is converted into steam. The potential energy of the steam is thus turned into kinetic energy in the rotating turbine’s blades.
What is a steam turbine and how does energy transformation take place within the turbine?
A steam turbine is a mechanical device that converts thermal energy of the pressurized steam into useful mechanical work. It is the heart of a power plant. In a power plant, the steam turbine is attached to a generator to produce electrical power.
What type of energy does a steam turbine have?
Electrical energy generation using steam turbines involves three energy conversions, extracting thermal energy from the fuel and using it to raise steam, converting the thermal energy of the steam into kinetic energy in the turbine and using a rotary generator to convert the turbine’s mechanical energy into electrical …
What is turbine and types of turbine?
Turbines used in hydroelectric power plants fall into two categories: Impulse and Reaction based. Impulse based turbines include Pelton and cross-flow turbines. Reaction based turbines include three subtypes: Francis turbine, propeller turbine (bulb turbine, Straflo turbine, Kaplan turbine types), and kinetic turbine.
What is turbine and how it works?
A turbine (/ˈtɜːrbaɪn/ or /ˈtɜːrbɪn/) (from the Greek τύρβη, tyrbē, or Latin turbo, meaning vortex) is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The work produced by a turbine can be used for generating electrical power when combined with a generator.
Why is steam used to rotate the turbine?
When steam blows into the turbine, the spinning blades (fitted inside the outer container) are flown at higher rates. Because of high pressure, the continuous flow of electricity is generated at incredibly high speed, therefore the rotating speed increases when comparing with other wind and water turbines.
What energy transfer takes place when the steam enters the turbine housing?
1.1. In this turbine, the potential energy of steam is converted into kinetic energy in nozzles.
What is impulse steam turbine?
In Impulse Steam Turbine, there are some fixed nozzles and moving blades are present on a disc mounted on a shaft. Moving blades are in symmetrical order. The steam enters the turbine casing with some pressure. This high-velocity jet of steam flows through fixed nozzles and it strikes the blade with constant pressure.
What is turbine working principle?
Working Principle of Turbine: When any fluid strikes the blade of the turbine, the blades are displaced which produces rotational energy. When the turbine shaft is directly coupled with generator mechanical energy to convert into electrical energy.
Is steam turbine a heat engine?
The steam turbine is a form of heat engine that derives much of its improvement in thermodynamic efficiency from the use of multiple stages in the expansion of the steam, which results in a closer approach to the ideal reversible expansion process.
Why is a steam turbine compounded?
Compounding of steam turbine is used to reduce the rotor speed. It is the process by which rotor speed come to its desired value. A multiple system of rotors are connected in series keyed to a common shaft and the steam pressure or velocity is absorbed in stages as it flows over the blades.
How does a steam turbine work?
How a Steam Turbine Works. A steam turbine generator works by heating water to extremely high temperatures until it is converted into steam, then the steam energy is used to rotate the blades of a turbine to create mechanical or rotational energy.
What is the working principle of a reaction turbine?
In the reaction turbine, the steam is expanded in fixed nozzles and also in the moving nozzles. In other words, the steam is continually expanding as it flows over the blades. There is pressure and velocity loss in the moving blades. The moving blades have a converging steam nozzle.
Who invented the first steam turbine?
The first modern steam turbine was developed by Sir Charles A. Parsons in 1884. This turbine was used for lighting an exhibition in Newcastle, England and produced merely 7.5 KW of energy. Now, steam turbine generators can produce over 1,000 MW of energy in large-scale power plants.
What is the speed of steam turbine in nuclear power plant?
But the typical main turbine in nuclear power plants, in which steam expands from pressures about 6 MPa to pressures about 0.008 MPa, operates at speeds about 3,000 RPM for 50 Hz systems for 2-pole generator. (or 1500RPM for 4-pole generator), and 1800 RPM for 60 Hz systems for 4-pole generator (or 3600 RPM for 2-pole generator).