How does an atom act as a magnetic dipole?
In an atom, electron revolves around the nucleus in a closed orbit. When electron revolves in anticlockwise direction, the current is clockwise. Thus, upper face of the electron loop acts as south pole and lower face acts as north pole. Thus an atom behaves like a magnetic dipole.
What is the magnetic moment of the atom due to the motion of the electron?
In atomic physics, the electron magnetic moment, or more specifically the electron magnetic dipole moment, is the magnetic moment of an electron caused by its intrinsic properties of spin and electric charge. The value of the electron magnetic moment is approximately −9.284764×10−24 J/T.
Which describes the magnetic dipole moments of the atoms in a paramagnetic material?
Paramagnetic materials possess a permanent magnetic dipole moment due to incomplete cancellation of electron spin and orbital magnetic moment. In absence of applied field the dipole moments are oriented randomly and therefore the material has no net macroscopic magnetization.
What is the direction of magnetic moment of an electron with respect to its orbital angular momentum?
Notice that the direction of the magnetic moment of the electron is antiparallel to the orbital angular momentum, as shown in Figure 8.3.
What is a magnetic dipole and why is it called dipole?
magnetic dipole, generally a tiny magnet of microscopic to subatomic dimensions, equivalent to a flow of electric charge around a loop. Electrons circulating around atomic nuclei, electrons spinning on their axes, and rotating positively charged atomic nuclei all are magnetic dipoles.
Why is a magnet called magnetic dipole?
A magnet is called a “magnetic dipole” because it has two poles(designated north and south). A magnetic field can only exert a force on a chargedparticle that is moving.
What does magnetic moment tell you?
The magnetic moment of a magnet is a quantity that determines the force that the magnet can exert on electric currents and the torque that a magnetic field will exert on it. The direction of the magnetic moment points from the south to north pole of a magnet.
Can two magnetic field lines intersect each other justify your answer?
No, two magnetic lines of force cannot intersect each other. If two field lines intersect, there would be two directions of magnetic field at that point which is not possible.
Which of the following is wrong statement for paramagnetic substance?
Answer: The incorrect statement about paramagnetism in substances is (C) Its magnitude is temperature independent.
Which type of magnetic materials have permanent magnetic dipole moment associated to them explain the reason also?
Paramagnetic substances have a permanent magnetic dipole moment due to incompletely filled inner electron shells, such as those found in Fe2 +, Fe3 +, Ni2 +, Mn2 +, and so on, which results in unpaired electrons.
What are the differences between spin magnetic moment and orbital magnetic moment?
Spin is directed along the orbital moment. The total orbital momentum is one. Each electron state can be occupied either by two electrons of opposite spins and opposite orbital moments or by one electron or be not occupied. Spin is directed opposite to the orbital moment.
What is spin magnetic moment and how does it differ from orbital magnetic moment?
In an atom, the magnetic field is due to the coupled spin and orbital magnetic moments associated with the motion of electrons. The spin magnetic moment is due to the precession of the electrons about their own axes wherease the orbital magnetic moment is due to the motion of electrons around the nucleus.
What is the movement of electrons in a magnetic dipole?
The electrons revolve in anticlockwise while the current revolves in the clockwise direction. This movement of electrons creates a south pole and north pole resulting in atom’s behavior as a magnetic dipole. What is Magnetic Dipole Moment of a Current Loop?
How is orbital angular momentum related to magnetic dipole moment?
The energy levels of a hydrogen atom associated with orbital angular momentum are split by an external magnetic field because the orbital angular magnetic moment interacts with the field. The quantum numbers of an electron in a hydrogen atom can be used to calculate the magnitude and direction of the orbital magnetic dipole moment of the atom.
How do you calculate the magnetic dipole moment of a hydrogen atom?
Use quantum numbers to calculate the magnitude and direction of the orbital magnetic dipole moment of a hydrogen atom In Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom, the electron moves in a circular orbit around the proton. The electron passes by a particular point on the loop in a certain time, so we can calculate a current .
What is an example of an intrinsic dipole moment?
For example, the electron itself behaves as a magnetic dipole and has a Spin Magnetic Dipole moment. This magnetic moment is intrinsic as the electron has neither an area A (it is a point object) nor does it spin around itself, but is fundamental to the nature of the electron’s existence.