How does El Nino affect Indian monsoon?
In a phenomenon called El Nino, warming of sea surface temperatures in eastern equatorial Pacific, near the Peru coast — or the cooling effect in the same region called La Nina — affects the Indian southwest monsoon negatively or positively.
How does El Nino and La Nina affect Indian monsoon?
El Niño has a warming influence on global temperatures, while La Niña has the opposite effect. In India, for example, El Niño is associated with drought or weak monsoon, while La Niña is associated with strong monsoon and above average rains and colder winters. The warmest winter was recorded in 2016 followed by 2009.
How does El Nino affect rainfall?
El Niño occurs when warm water builds up along the equator in the eastern Pacific. The warm ocean surface warms the atmosphere, which allows moisture-rich air to rise and develop into rainstorms. During El Niño years, such as 1997, the southeast receives more rain than average.
How does El Nino affect tropical cyclones?
If El Niño has a strong presence, or makes Pacific waters warmer than usual, it increases the amount of “wind shear” across the the Atlantic basin. Wind shear is bad for hurricanes, and tropical storm production. It disrupts necessary conditions for tropical storms to form.
Why does El Nino cause drought in India?
Cause of these Drought: Sudden and steep drop in rainfall in late August that was linked to an atmospheric disturbance in the mid-latitude region over the North Atlantic Ocean, creating a pattern of atmospheric currents that move over the indian subcontinent and “derail” the monsoon.
What is the event called which can increase the monsoon intensity in India?
Even as things may get clearer after the India Meteorological Department’s forecast, we look into the weather phenomenon called El Nino and its impact on the monsoon.
Why does India have a monsoon type of climate?
Complete Answer: Our country India has a monsoon type of climate because the Indian climate is influenced by the winds which are called monsoon winds. When these winds blow over the warm oceans, they pick up moisture from these oceans and pick up moisture from them and this results in rainfall in India.
How do these winds affect the climate of India?
Air pressure and surface winds: India lies in the region of north easterly winds. As these winds blow over the warm ocean, they gather moisture and bring rainfall in the country. Distance form the Sea: Since coastal areas experience the effect of the land and the sea breeze, they have a moderate kind of climate.
How El Niño affects summer rainfall?
Correlation with El Nino Southern Oscillation is statistically significant for all summer rainfall areas. El Nino triggers drought and low streamflows and La Nina lead to high rainfall and high streamflows for all summer rainfall areas. Streamflows volumes are 4 to 2 time higher during La Nina than during El Nino.
How does El Nino affect the weather in India?
From this fact, one thing is clear that El Nino years adversely affect the weather in India in terms of Monsoon rain, with very few exceptions. During an El Nino year, the rainfall is generally below the normal average, which has its negative bearing on crop production. For more updates on Monsoon and Monsoon related stories, click here.
How does La Niña affect monsoons in India?
Over the years, it has been found to have a strong bearing on monsoon rainfall in India. While warmer temperatures are known to suppress monsoon rainfall, the opposite phenomenon of La Niña has been found to be helpful in bringing good rainfall.
What does El Niño mean for the monsoon season?
The status of El Niño at this time of the year is usually the first indication of the kind of rainfall that is to be expected during the monsoon season later in the year. El Niño is a phenomenon in which surface temperatures in the equatorial Pacific Ocean see an unusual rise.
How often do El Nino and La Nina occur?
They often begin to form between June and August, reach peak strength between December and April, and then decay between May and July of the following year. While their periodicity can be quite irregular, El Nino and La Nina events occur about every three to five years. Typically, El Nino occurs more frequently than La Nina.