What does it mean to over torque a helicopter?
When discussing helicopters, the term “overtorque” simply refers to the ability of a helicopter pilot to apply torque (or throttle) to the engine above the specified 100\% limit. As one might imagine, as the pitch of the blade increases, the torque required to keep the rotor turning at a given speed increases.
What is over pitching helicopter?
Overpitching occurs when you demand too much power from the engine and a drop in Rotor RPM (RRPM) occurs. As the RRPM decays, the main rotor blades will cone more and the coning combined with the reduction in RRPM and subsequent loss of lift (due to reduced airflow over the blades) will cause the helicopter to descend.
How does torque affect a helicopter?
With a single main rotor helicopter, a torque effect is created as the engine turns the rotor. This torque causes the body of the helicopter to turn in the opposite direction of the rotor (Newton’s Third Law: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction, as explained in Chapter 2, Aerodynamics of Flight).
How does a helicopter pitch?
The collective pitch control is usually found at the pilot’s left hand; it is a lever that moves up and down to change the pitch angle of the main rotor blades. Raising or lowering the pitch control increases or decreases the pitch angle on all blades by the same amount.
What happens if you over torque an engine?
You shouldn’t over-torque an engine because you can stress parts more than they’re intended to be and cause accelerated wear, or possibly damage or failure.
How recover from LTE?
Recovery from an unexpected yaw movement is initiated by applying forward cyclic control to increase airspeed, and reducing power if at a safe altitude. If these measures are not effective, an entry into an autorotation may be necessary, applying full opposite rudder until rotation stops.
What is settling with power in a helicopter?
Settling with Power is a condition of powered flight where the helicopter settles into its own downwash. The condition may also be referred to as the vortex ring state. Conditions conducive to settling with power are a vertical or nearly vertical descent of at least 300 feet per minute and low forward airspeed.
What are the effects of torque?
Just as force is what causes an object to accelerate in linear kinematics, torque is what causes an object to acquire angular acceleration. Torque is a vector quantity. The direction of the torque vector depends on the direction of the force on the axis.
What is torque reaction?
Reaction torque is the force that acts on an object when it is not free to rotate. In the workplace setting, reaction torque usually refers specifically to the force produced by electrically powered tightening tools. Reaction torque is also referred to as torque reaction.
How does a helicopter work?
Unlike airplanes, helicopters feature spinning wings called blades or rotors on top. As a helicopter’s blades spin, they create a force called lift that allows the helicopter to rise into the air. The rear rotor can face different directions, allowing the helicopter to move forward, backward, and sideways.
How does helicopter collective work?
The collective changes the pitch angle of all the main rotor blades collectively (i.e., all at the same time) and independent of their position. Therefore, if a collective input is made, all the blades change equally, and as a result, the helicopter increases or decreases its total lift derived from the rotor.
What does over torque mean?
Noun. overtorque (countable and uncountable, plural overtorques) The production of excessive torque in an engine.
How do you change the thrust of a helicopter while hovering?
While hovering, you can change the amount of main rotor thrust to maintain the desired hovering altitude. This is done by changing the angle of attack of the main rotor blades and by varying power, as needed. In this case, thrust acts in the same vertical direction as lift. [Figure 1] Figure 1.
What is transforming tendency in helicopter?
As the engine supplies more power, the tail rotor must produce more thrust. This is done through the use of antitorque pedals. During hovering flight, a single main rotor helicopter tends to drift in the same direction as antitorque rotor thrust. This drifting tendency is called translating tendency.
Why do helicopters rotate at high altitude?
When the helicopter gains altitude vertically, with no forward airspeed, induced airflow is no longer restricted, and the blade tip vortices increase with the decrease in outward airflow. As a result, drag increases which means a higher pitch angle, and more power is needed to move the air down through the rotor.
What is the transverse flow effect in a helicopter?
Transverse Flow Effect As the helicopter accelerates in forward flight, induced flow drops to near zero at the forward disc area and increases at the aft disc area. This increases the angle of attack at the front disc area causing the rotor blade to flap up, and reduces angle of attack at the aft disc area causing the rotor blade to flap down.