How is p53 a molecule protein and gene?
The p53 gene has been mapped to chromosome 17. In the cell, p53 protein binds DNA, which in turn stimulates another gene to produce a protein called p21 that interacts with a cell division-stimulating protein (cdk2). When p21 is complexed with cdk2 the cell cannot pass through to the next stage of cell division.
Why is p53 a gene?
The TP53 gene provides instructions for making a protein called tumor protein p53 (or p53). This protein acts as a tumor suppressor, which means that it regulates cell division by keeping cells from growing and dividing (proliferating) too fast or in an uncontrolled way.
Is p53 a transcription factor or a gene?
p53 is a transcription factor that suppresses tumor growth through regulation of dozens of target genes with diverse biological functions.
Is p53 a nuclear protein?
The p53 tumor suppressor is a nuclear phosphoprotein involved in the control of cell proliferation.
Does p53 bind to proteins?
Compared to wild-type p53, mutant p53 proteins do not bind or bind only weakly to p53 target sequences [135,136]. Association of p53 with G/C-rich DNA motifs could be mediated by other transcription factors (SP1 and ETS1) that interact with these motifs [139,140].
What is the p53 gene made of?
The p53 protein is a phosphoprotein made of 393 amino acids. It consists of four units (or domains): A domain that activates transcription factors. A domain that recognizes specific DNA sequences (core domain).
Does everyone have p53 gene?
Everyone has two copies of the TP53 gene, which we randomly inherit from each of our parents. Mutations in one copy of the TP53 gene can increase the chance for you to develop certain types of cancer in your lifetime.
What genes does p53 regulate?
P53 forms a homotetrameric transcription factor that is reported to directly regulate ~500 target genes, thereby controlling a broad range of cellular processes, including cell cycle arrest, cell senescence, DNA repair, metabolic adaptation and cell death.
What protein is encoded by the p53 gene?
p53, also known as TP53 or tumor protein (EC :2.7. 1.37) is a gene that codes for a protein that regulates the cell cycle and hence functions as a tumor suppression. It is very important for cells in multicellular organisms to suppress cancer.
What are genes regulated by p53?
The prevailing function of the p53 tumor suppressor is the transcriptional control of target genes that regulate numerous cellular processes, including cell cycle and apoptosis.
Is BRCA1 a protein?
BRCA1 is a human tumor suppressor gene (also known as a caretaker gene) and is responsible for repairing DNA. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are unrelated proteins, but both are normally expressed in the cells of breast and other tissue, where they help repair damaged DNA, or destroy cells if DNA cannot be repaired.
How many amino acids are in p53?
The human p53 protein consists of 393 amino acids and contains four major functional domains. At the N-terminus is a transcriptional activation domain (amino acids 1 – 42) and within the central part of p53 is the sequence-specific DNA-binding domain (amino acids 102 – 292).
What does p53 stand for?
Freebase(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: p53. p53, is a tumor suppressor protein that in humans is encoded by the TP53 gene . p53 is crucial in multicellular organisms, where it regulates the cell cycle and, thus, functions as a tumor suppressor that is involved in preventing cancer.
What is a cell with a defective p53 gene likely to do?
A cell with a defective p53 gene is likely to grow into a tumor, which could result in cancer. p53 is a protein that helps regulate the cell cycle and prevents tumors from occurring within a cell, especially ones that have been damaged or mutated.
Does anyone know about the p53 gene?
The p53 gene is one of the key rule-enforcers. It is known as a ‘tumor suppressor’ because it is important in killing cells that have become potentially cancerous. If the p53 gene gets a damaging mutation, then p53 will stop doing it’s job to protect you from cancer. People with Li-Fraumeni syndrome are born with a broken p53 gene.
What happens if the p53 gene mutates?
If there happens to be a mutation in the p53 gene, it will no longer be able to bind to DNA and activate production of p21 in most cases . This means that p21’s presence will be close to zero, and cdk2 will freely be able to stimulate cell division and continue the cell cycle.