What is the working of hydroelectric power plant?
Hydropower works by harnessing the energy that comes from the flow of water through a turbine connected to a generator, thus turning it into electricity. Most hydropower plants store water in a dam, which is controlled by a gate or valve to measure the amount of water that flows out.
What is the layout of hydro power plant?
Hydropower Plant Layout It consists of the catchment area, reservoir, dam, slice gate or valve, surge tank, penstock, inlet valve, turbine, draft tube, powerhouse equipment, tailrace, etc. The collected water from the reservoir is supplied from the dam through slice gate, penstock, inlet valve to the turbine.
How is hydropower controlled?
In an impoundment facility, a dam is used to control the flow of water stored in a pool or reservoir. Once water is released, gravity takes over and the water flows downward through a turbine. As the blades of the turbine spin, they power a generator. Another type of hydroelectric energy plant is a diversion facility.
What is storage and Pondage?
Pondage refers to the comparably small water storage behind the weir of a run-of-the-river hydroelectric power plant. Such a power plant has considerably less storage than the reservoirs of large dams and conventional hydroelectric stations which can store water for long periods such as a dry season or year.
How does a combined cycle power plant work?
A combined-cycle power plant uses both a gas and a steam turbine together to produce up to 50\% more electricity from the same fuel than a traditional simple-cycle plant. The waste heat from the gas turbine is routed to the nearby steam turbine, which generates extra power.
How does a boiler work in a power plant?
The boiler generates steam at high pressure and high temperature. The steam turbine converts the heat energy of steam into mechanical energy. The generator then converts the mechanical energy into electric power.
What is hydro power plant advantages and disadvantages?
Pros and cons of hydroelectric energy
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Renewable | Environmental consequences |
| Low emissions | Expensive to build |
| Reliable | Drought potential |
| Safe | Limited reserves |
What is surge tank in hydro power plant?
A Surge tank is a water storage device used as a pressure neutralizer in hydropower water conveyance systems in order to dampen excess pressure variance. In short, the surge tank mitigates pressure variations due to rapid changes in velocity of water.
What is Runoff river plant?
A run of river plant without pondage as the name indicates does not store water and uses the water as it comes. There is no control on flow of water so that during high floods or low loads water is wasted while during low run off the plant capacity the utility of these plants is much less than those of other types.
What is the difference between cogeneration and combined cycle?
1) What is the difference between co-generation and combined-cycle power generation? Co-generations uses waste heat for many different processes, such as space heating or drying. Combined-cycle power generation is a two-cycle electricity generation process that uses the heat from the first cycle to run a second cycle.
How does a hydroelectric power plant work?
The working of Hydroelectric Power Plant is as follows. The dam is constructed on a large river to ensure sufficient water storage and the dam forms a reservoir behind it. The height of the water level (called a water head) in the reservoir determines the potential energy stored in it.
What are the essential components of hydro power plant?
The turbine converts the potential energy of the water into mechanical energy to run the generator. The generator produces electric power. After doing the work water flows into the tailrace through draft tube. Following are the essential components of the hydro-power plant :
How to select the site for hydro-power plant?
Following factors should be considered while selecting the site for hydro-power plant : Availability of water: Large quantity of water should be available throughout the year at the proposed site. A requirement of head flow availability and storage capacity. The character of foundation, particularly for the dams. The land should be cheap and rocky.
Why do we need a dam in a hydro plant?
In Hydro Plant water is an essential fuel. Water availability is needed to plant for the rotating turbine blade and generating electricity. After the availability of water, we must store the water in a dam So we can constantly provide water to the turbine and with high-pressure energy as I explained above.