What is the relationship between DNA and biology?
What do a human, a rose, and a bacterium have in common? Each of these things — along with every other organism on Earth — contains the molecular instructions for life, called deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA.
What is difference between heterochromatin and euchromatin?
The major difference between Euchromatin and Heterochromatin is that euchromatin is an uncoiled packed and genetically active form of chromatin. While heterochromatin is a firmly packed form and is a genetically inactive part of the chromosomes.
What is the difference between the p and q arm of a chromosome?
The arm of the chromosome. Each chromosome is divided into two sections (arms) based on the location of a narrowing (constriction) called the centromere. By convention, the shorter arm is called p, and the longer arm is called q. The chromosome arm is the second part of the gene’s address.
What are some differences between DNA and RNA?
There are two differences that distinguish DNA from RNA: (a) RNA contains the sugar ribose, while DNA contains the slightly different sugar deoxyribose (a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom), and (b) RNA has the nucleobase uracil while DNA contains thymine.
What is DNA biology?
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that contains the biological instructions that make each species unique. DNA, along with the instructions it contains, is passed from adult organisms to their offspring during reproduction.
What is the distance between two strands of DNA?
Each turn of DNA is made up of 10.4 nucleotide pairs and the center-to-center distance between adjacent nucleotide pairs is 3.4 nm.
What is the difference between constitutive and facultative heterochromatin?
Constitutive heterochromatin refers to the regions of DNA in the chromosome found throughout the cell cycle. Facultative heterochromatin is regions of the DNA in which the genes are silenced by modifications. Therefore, they are only activated under certain conditions and not found throughout the cell.
What are the similarities between heterochromatin and euchromatin?
What are the Similarities Between Heterochromatin and Euchromatin?
- Heterochromatin and euchromatin are two types of chromatin present in the eukaryotic cells.
- Both forms of chromatin are present in the nucleus.
- Moreover, they are complexes of DNA and proteins.
- And, both participate in DNA transcription.
What is the difference between gene and genome?
A gene consists of enough DNA to code for one protein, and a genome is simply the sum total of an organism’s DNA. DNA is long and skinny, capable of contorting like a circus performer when it winds into chromosomes.
What are centromeres and telomeres?
The centromere is a specialized chromosomal locus that directs kinetochore assembly and provides the site for microtubule attachment, allowing accurate chromosome segregation during cell division. Telomeres are specialized nucleoprotein complexes that protect the chromosome ends from degradation.
What are the 3 differences between DNA and RNA?
So, the three main structural differences between RNA and DNA are as follows: RNA is single-stranded while DNA is double-stranded. RNA contains uracil while DNA contains thymine. RNA has the sugar ribose while DNA has the sugar deoxyribose.
Which of the following best describes the difference between DNA and RNA?
Which best describes the difference between DNA and RNA? DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and RNA contains ribose sugar.
What is the distance between two consecutive base pairs of DNA?
Hence, the distance between two consecutive base pairs (i.e., hydrogen-bonded bases of the opposite strands) is 0.34 nm. The DNA coils up, forming chromosomes, and each chromosome has a single molecule of DNA in it. Overall, human beings have around twenty-three pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus of cells.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in biology?
Difference between DNA and RNA. The main function of RNA is to carry information of amino acid sequence from the genes to where proteins are assembled on ribosomes in the cytoplasm. DNA is a much longer polymer than RNA. RNA molecules are variable in length, but much shorter than long DNA polymers.
How can I understand the biological function of DNA?
In order to understand the biological function of DNA, you first need to understand its molecular structure. This requires learning the vocabulary for talking about the building blocks of DNA, and how these building blocks are assembled to make DNA molecules.
Why is DNA the universal information-storage molecule for life?
The match between DNA structure and the activities of these enzymes is so effective and well-refined that DNA has become, over evolutionary time, the universal information-storage molecule for all forms of life. Nature has yet to find a better solution than DNA for storing, expressing, and passing along instructions for making proteins.